2. Applying Mulch Correctly to Maximize Moisture Retention

Applying mulch properly is essential to prevent moisture loss and keep roots cool. Improper mulching can lead to issues like excessive moisture retention or root rot, so follow these steps for best results:

• Spread a Layer 2-4 Inches Deep: A layer of mulch about 2-4 inches thick is ideal. This depth helps conserve moisture without trapping excessive water, which could lead to root rot.
• Leave Space Around the Trunk: Keep mulch about 3-6 inches away from the tree’s trunk. This space prevents moisture from accumulating around the trunk, which can attract pests or lead to disease.
• Create a Mulch Ring: Extend the mulch outward to the tree’s drip line (the outer edge of the tree canopy) to cover as much of the root area as possible. This maximizes moisture retention across the entire root zone.

3. When and How to Water Trees in Hot Weather

Watering trees during Missouri’s hot summer months is crucial, especially for young trees and newly planted trees. Trees need a steady supply of water to maintain hydration and survive the heat. Here are some best practices for summer watering:

Early Morning or Evening Watering

• Water Early or Late: Watering in the early morning or evening reduces water loss from evaporation. This timing allows more water to reach the roots before the day’s heat sets in.

Use a Slow-Soak Method

• Deep Soaking is Best: Watering slowly ensures the water reaches deep into the root zone instead of just wetting the soil surface. Use a soaker hose, drip irrigation, or a slow trickle from a garden hose to allow water to penetrate the soil gradually.
• Water to a Depth of 12-18 Inches: Tree roots generally extend 12-18 inches into the ground, so make sure your watering reaches this depth. To check, insert a long screwdriver or probe into the soil – it should easily reach the depth of the moistened soil.

Adjust Based on Tree Age and Soil Type

• Young Trees (1-3 Years): Young trees have smaller root systems, so they require more frequent watering – typically 1-2 times per week, depending on rainfall.
• Established Trees (3+ Years): Once trees are established, they may only need watering during prolonged dry periods. Adjust the frequency based on your soil type; clay soils hold moisture longer, while sandy soils drain more quickly.