4. Pruning Dead or Damaged Branches

Winter is an ideal time to prune trees, as their structure is more visible without leaves, allowing for precise pruning. Removing dead, diseased, or weak branches during this period helps trees stay healthy and minimizes safety risks.

• Inspecting Branches Carefully: Look for branches that are dead, damaged, or diseased. Winter storms often reveal weak branches, so assess your trees after a storm to see if there’s any immediate pruning needed.
• Pruning Techniques for Health and Safety: Use sharp, sanitized tools to make clean cuts just above the branch collar. Avoid cutting too close to the trunk, as this can damage the tree. For larger branches, consider hiring a professional to ensure safe and accurate removal.
• Avoid Heavy Pruning on Newly Planted Trees: While light pruning to remove dead or damaged branches is fine, avoid extensive pruning on young trees, as they need as many branches as possible to support spring growth.

By performing winter pruning, you reduce the risk of branches breaking under heavy ice or snow loads, which can be especially important for trees close to structures or walkways.

5. Guarding Against Winter Pests

While many pests are less active during winter, some, like deer and rodents, can cause damage to trees by feeding on bark or branches. Protecting trees from these threats is key to maintaining their health.

• Preventing Deer Damage: Deer are known to rub their antlers on trees, which can strip bark and injure young trees. Placing tree guards or fencing around vulnerable trees can help prevent deer damage. Ensure that the guard is at least 4-5 feet high, as deer can reach taller than expected.
• Protecting Against Rodents: Small mammals like voles, rabbits, and mice may chew on the bark at the base of trees, especially if there is snow cover. Place wire mesh or hardware cloth around the base of the tree, ensuring it extends a few inches below ground to prevent burrowing.
• Using Repellents as Needed: If deer or rodents are persistent, consider using natural repellents. These may include sprays that deter animals without harming trees or other wildlife.

Keeping winter pests away is especially important for young trees, which have softer bark and are more prone to damage.