2. Mulching for Winter Insulation and Moisture Retention

As temperatures begin to cool, a fresh layer of mulch helps insulate tree roots, regulate soil temperature, and retain moisture through dry winter months.

• Applying Mulch Properly: Spread a 2-4 inch layer of mulch around the tree’s base, extending to the drip line. Keep mulch a few inches away from the trunk to prevent moisture buildup, which can lead to rot and pest issues.
• Choosing Mulch Materials: Organic mulch options like shredded bark, wood chips, or leaves are ideal, as they decompose slowly, adding nutrients to the soil over time.
• Mulch Timing: Apply mulch after the first few frosts but before the ground freezes completely. This timing helps maintain a stable temperature around the roots, keeping soil slightly warmer during cold spells.

Mulching in fall provides trees with an added layer of protection, reducing the stress from temperature fluctuations and helping retain soil moisture through winter.

3. Watering to Prepare for Winter Dormancy

Fall watering is essential, especially if the season has been dry. Adequate water allows trees to store enough moisture in their roots, giving them resilience against the drying effects of winter winds and frozen ground.

• Deep Watering Before the First Freeze: Give trees a deep watering before the ground freezes, focusing on the root zone. This is particularly important for newly planted or young trees, which are more vulnerable to dehydration.
• Monitoring Soil Moisture: Check the soil moisture around the tree’s base every few weeks. Even though trees are slowing their growth, they still need a reasonable amount of moisture in the soil to remain healthy through winter.
• Avoid Overwatering: Be cautious not to overwater, especially if fall has been rainy. Overly saturated soil can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.

Adequate hydration in fall is essential for maintaining healthy roots, particularly for young and newly planted trees, which may not yet have a fully developed root system.